Medical-Surgical Study Guide & Flashcard Index - Edition 2 (Pre-2023)
Here is a list of the Anatomy, Physiology, Pathophysiology, diseases, disorders, complications, and critical care topics covered in our Medical-Surgical Nursing Flashcards, Edition 2.
Looking for Edition 3? Check the newest med-surg index/study guide, updated for 2023!
Term | Body system | Card #s |
---|---|---|
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) | Cardiovascular | 45-46 |
Afterload | Cardiovascular | 9 |
Anaphylactic shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Anemia | Cardiovascular | 61-64 |
Aneurysm | Cardiovascular | 45-46 |
Angina | Cardiovascular | 55-56 |
Aortic valve | Cardiovascular | 3-5 |
Asystole | Cardiovascular | 24 |
Atherosclerosis | Cardiovascular | 39 |
Atrial Fibrillation (AFIB) | Cardiovascular | 23 |
Atrial Flutter | Cardiovascular | 23 |
Atrioventricular (AV Block) | Cardiovascular | 25 |
Blood components | Cardiovascular | 11-12 |
Blood Pressure | Cardiovascular | 10, 16 |
Buerger's Disease | Cardiovascular | 47 |
Calcium (Ca) | Cardiovascular | 19, 72 |
Cardiac catheterization | Cardiovascular | 21 |
Cardiac Cycle | Cardiovascular | 8 |
Cardiac Enzymes | Cardiovascular | 14 |
Cardiac Output (CO) | Cardiovascular | 8, 20 |
Cardiac Tamponade | Cardiovascular | 36 |
Cardiogenic shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Cardiomyopathy | Cardiovascular | 37-38 |
Cardioversion | Cardiovascular | 26 |
Central Venous Pressure (CVP) | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Cholesterol | Cardiovascular | 15 |
Compartment syndrome | Cardiovascular | 44 |
Coronary Angiogram | Cardiovascular | 21 |
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) | Cardiovascular | 60 |
Dilated cardiomyopathy | Cardiovascular | 37-38 |
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) | Cardiovascular | 66, 68 |
Distributive shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Echocardiogram | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Electrocardiography (EKG) | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Electrolytes | Cardiovascular | 19, 71-74 |
Endocardium | Cardiovascular | 2 |
Epicardium | Cardiovascular | 2 |
Fluid Volume Deficit | Cardiovascular | 69 |
Fluid Volume Excess | Cardiovascular | 70 |
Heart Conduction System | Cardiovascular | 6-7 |
Heart Failure | Cardiovascular | 29-30 |
Hemodynamic monitoring | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Hemophilia | Cardiovascular | 66-67 |
Hemostasis | Cardiovascular | 13 |
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) | Cardiovascular | 66, 68 |
Hypercalcemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 72 |
Hyperkalemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 73 |
Hypermagnesemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 74 |
Hypernatremia | Cardiovascular | 19, 71 |
Hypertension | Cardiovascular | 16, 40-41 |
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Cardiovascular | 37-38 |
Hypervolemia | Cardiovascular | 70 |
Hypocalcemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 72 |
Hypokalemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 73 |
Hypomagnesemia | Cardiovascular | 19, 74 |
Hyponatremia | Cardiovascular | 19, 71 |
Hypovolemia | Cardiovascular | 69 |
Hypovolemic shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) | Cardiovascular | 66, 68 |
Infective Endocarditis | Cardiovascular | 33 |
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) | Cardiovascular | 9 |
Magnesium (Mg) | Cardiovascular | 19, 74 |
Metabolic Acidosis | Cardiovascular | 76 |
Metabolic Alkalosis | Cardiovascular | 76 |
Mitral valve | Cardiovascular | 3-5 |
Myocardial Infarction (MI) | Cardiovascular | 57-58 |
Myocardium | Cardiovascular | 2 |
Neurogenic shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Obstructive shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Pacemakers | Cardiovascular | 27-28 |
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) | Cardiovascular | 59 |
Pericarditis | Cardiovascular | 35 |
Pericardium | Cardiovascular | 2 |
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) | Cardiovascular | 42-43 |
Peripheral Bypass Graft | Cardiovascular | 44 |
Peripheral Venous Disease | Cardiovascular | 49-52 |
Polycythemia | Cardiovascular | 65 |
Potassium (K) | Cardiovascular | 19, 73 |
Preload | Cardiovascular | 9 |
Premature Atrial Complexes (PACs) | Cardiovascular | 23 |
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) | Cardiovascular | 24 |
Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure (PAWP) | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Pulmonic valve | Cardiovascular | 3-5 |
Raynaud's Disease/Phenomenon | Cardiovascular | 48 |
Respiratory Acidosis | Cardiovascular | 75 |
Respiratory Alkalosis | Cardiovascular | 75 |
Restrictive cardiomyopathy | Cardiovascular | 37-38 |
Rheumatic Carditis | Cardiovascular | 34 |
Rheumatic fever | Cardiovascular | 34 |
Septic shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Shock | Cardiovascular | 53-54 |
Sickle Cell Anemia | Cardiovascular | 63-64 |
Sinus Arrhythmia | Cardiovascular | 22 |
Sinus Bradycardia | Cardiovascular | 22 |
Sinus Tachycardia | Cardiovascular | 22 |
Sodium (Na) | Cardiovascular | 19, 71 |
Stroke Volume (SV) | Cardiovascular | 8 |
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) | Cardiovascular | 23 |
Thoracic aortic aneurysm | Cardiovascular | 45-46 |
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) | Cardiovascular | 20 |
Tricuspid valve | Cardiovascular | 3-5 |
Valvular Heart Disease | Cardiovascular | 31-32 |
Varicose veins | Cardiovascular | 52 |
Venous Insufficiency | Cardiovascular | 51 |
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Cardiovascular | 49-50 |
Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) | Cardiovascular | 24 |
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) | Cardiovascular | 24 |
Virchow's triad | Cardiovascular | 49 |
Von Willebrand's Disease | Cardiovascular | 66-67 |
Acromegaly | Endocrine | 22 |
ACTH stimulation test | Endocrine | 28 |
Addison's Disease | Endocrine | 27, 29 |
Addisonian Crisis | Endocrine | 29 |
Adrenal cortex | Endocrine | 3, 5, 9 |
Adrenal medulla | Endocrine | 3, 10 |
Adrenaline | Endocrine | 3-4, 10, 32 |
Adrenocortical Insufficiency | Endocrine | 27-28 |
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) | Endocrine | 2, 4-5 |
Aldosterone | Endocrine | 3-4, 8, 33 |
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) | Endocrine | 2, 4, 8, 23-26 |
Calcitonin | Endocrine | 3-4, 11 |
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) | Endocrine | 2, 4-5 |
Cortisol | Endocrine | 3-5, 30-31 |
Cushing's Syndrome | Endocrine | 30-31 |
Dexamethasone suppression test | Endocrine | 31 |
Diabetes Insipidus | Endocrine | 23-24 |
Diabetes Mellitus | Endocrine | 43-51 |
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) | Endocrine | 48, 50 |
Epinephrine | Endocrine | 3-4, 10, 32 |
Estrogen | Endocrine | 3-4, 6 |
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) | Endocrine | 2, 4, 6 |
Gigantism | Endocrine | 22 |
Glucagon | Endocrine | 3-4. 12 |
Glucocorticoid Hormone Excess | Endocrine | 30-31 |
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) | Endocrine | 2, 4, 6 |
Growth Hormone (GH) | Endocrine | 2, 4-5, 21-22 |
Growth Hormone Deficiency | Endocrine | 21 |
Growth Hormone Excess | Endocrine | 22 |
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) | Endocrine | 2, 4-5 |
Hashimoto's disease | Endocrine | 34 |
Hormones | Endocrine | 1-16 |
Hyperaldosteronism | Endocrine | 33 |
Hyperglycemia | Endocrine | 43-44, 48-50 |
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) | Endocrine | 49-50 |
Hyperparathyroidism | Endocrine | 42 |
Hyperpituitarism | Endocrine | 19 |
Hyperthyroidism | Endocrine | 37-40 |
Hypoglycemia | Endocrine | 46-47 |
Hypoparathyroidism | Endocrine | 41 |
Hypophysectomy | Endocrine | 19-20, 22 |
Hypopituitarism | Endocrine | 18 |
Hypothyroidism | Endocrine | 34-36 |
Insulin | Endocrine | 3-4, 12 |
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) | Endocrine | 2, 4, 6 |
Myxedema Coma | Endocrine | 36 |
Negative feedback mechanism | Endocrine | 13-15 |
Norepinephrine | Endocrine | 3-4. 10, 32 |
Oxytocin | Endocrine | 2, 4, 7 |
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) | Endocrine | 3-4, 11, 41-42 |
Pheochromocytoma | Endocrine | 32 |
Positive feedback mechanism | Endocrine | 16 |
Progesterone | Endocrine | 3-4, 6 |
Prolactin | Endocrine | 2, 4, 7 |
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) | Endocrine | 9 |
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) | Endocrine | 25-26 |
Testosterone | Endocrine | 3-4, 6 |
Thyroid hormones (T3/T4) | Endocrine | 3-5, 34, 37 |
Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH) | Endocrine | 2, 4-5 |
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) | Endocrine | 2, 4 |
Thyroid Storm | Endocrine | 39 |
Thyroidectomy | Endocrine | 40 |
Thyrotoxicosis | Endocrine | 39 |
Thyroxine (T4) | Endocrine | 3-5, 34, 37 |
Triiodothyronine (T3) | Endocrine | 3-5, 34, 37 |
Abdominal Hernia | Gastrointestinal | 23 |
Appendicitis | Gastrointestinal | 28 |
Bariatric Surgery | Gastrointestinal | 47 |
Biliary Tract | Gastrointestinal | 11 |
Cholecystitis | Gastrointestinal | 45-46 |
Cirrhosis | Gastrointestinal | 38-40 |
Colonoscopy | Gastrointestinal | 12 |
Colostomy | Gastrointestinal | 26 |
Crohn's Disease | Gastrointestinal | 32-33 |
Diverticulitis | Gastrointestinal | 34-35 |
Dumping syndrome | Gastrointestinal | 47 |
Dysphagia | Gastrointestinal | 15 |
Esophageal Varices | Gastrointestinal | 42 |
Esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) | Gastrointestinal | 12 |
Gastritis | Gastrointestinal | 19 |
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) | Gastrointestinal | 16-17 |
Gastrointestinal (GI) Series | Gastrointestinal | 13 |
Hepatitis | Gastrointestinal | 43-44 |
Hiatal Hernia | Gastrointestinal | 18 |
Ileostomy | Gastrointestinal | 26 |
Inguinal hernia | Gastrointestinal | 23 |
Intestinal Obstruction | Gastrointestinal | 24-25 |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) | Gastrointestinal | 22 |
Ostomies | Gastrointestinal | 26-27 |
Pancreatitis | Gastrointestinal | 36-37 |
Paracentesis | Gastrointestinal | 41 |
Paralytic ileus | Gastrointestinal | 24 |
Peptic Ulcer Disease | Gastrointestinal | 20-21 |
Peritonitis | Gastrointestinal | 29 |
Portal hypertension | Gastrointestinal | 42 |
Sigmoidoscopy | Gastrointestinal | 12 |
Ulcerative Colitis | Gastrointestinal | 30-31 |
Umbilical hernia | Gastrointestinal | 23 |
ABCDE Assessment (Skin Cancer) | Immune | 28 |
Acquired immunity | Immune | 1, 3-6 |
AIDS | Immune | 17 |
Autoimmune reactions | Immune | 7 |
Basal cell carcinoma | Immune | 27 |
Breast Cancer | Immune | 31 |
Cancer | Immune | 18-34 |
Cervical Cancer | Immune | 30 |
Chemotherapy | Immune | 19, 22 |
Colorectal Cancer | Immune | 33 |
Discoid lupus erythmatosus (DLE) | Immune | 12 |
Endometrial Cancer | Immune | 30 |
Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Immune | 29 |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | Immune | 16-17 |
Hypersensitivity | Immune | 7 |
Immunodeficiency | Immune | 7 |
Infection | Immune | 8-9 |
Inflammation | Immune | 2 |
Innate Immunity | Immune | 1-2 |
Leukemia | Immune | 29 |
Lung Cancer | Immune | 34 |
Melanoma | Immune | 27 |
Mucositis | Immune | 24 |
Multiple Myeloma | Immune | 29 |
Neutropenic precautions | Immune | 25 |
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | Immune | 29 |
Ovarian Cancer | Immune | 30 |
Prostate Cancer | Immune | 32 |
Radiation | Immune | 19, 22-23 |
Scleroderma | Immune | 14-15 |
Skin cancer | Immune | 27-28 |
Squamous cell carcinoma | Immune | 27 |
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | Immune | 12-13 |
Systemic Sclerosis | Immune | 14-15 |
Tumor classification | Immune | 20-21 |
Tumor grading | Immune | 21 |
Tumor staging | Immune | 21 |
White blood cells | Immune | 10-11 |
Atopic dermatitis (eczema) | Integumentary | 15 |
Burns | Integumentary | 17-22 |
Candidiasis | Integumentary | 11 |
Cellulitis | Integumentary | 9 |
Contact dermatitis | Integumentary | 15 |
Dermatitis | Integumentary | 15 |
Dermatophytosis | Integumentary | 10 |
Folliculitis | Integumentary | 9 |
Furuncle (boil) | Integumentary | 9 |
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) | Integumentary | 12 |
Herpes Zoster | Integumentary | 13-14 |
KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) test | Integumentary | 3 |
Lyme Disease | Integumentary | 23-24 |
Parkland Formula | Integumentary | 21 |
Pediculosis | Integumentary | 25 |
Pressure Injury (ulcer) | Integumentary | 6-8 |
Psoriasis | Integumentary | 16 |
Rule of Nines | Integumentary | 19 |
Scabies | Integumentary | 25 |
Seborrheic dermatitis | Integumentary | 15 |
Shingles | Integumentary | 13-14 |
Skin Layers | Integumentary | 1-2 |
Tinea infection | Integumentary | 10 |
Tzanck smear | Integumentary | 3 |
Wound healing | Integumentary | 4-5 |
Yeast infection | Integumentary | 11 |
Amputation | Musculoskeletal | 28 |
Arthrocentesis | Musculoskeletal | 6 |
Arthroplasty | Musculoskeletal | 12-13 |
Arthroscopy | Musculoskeletal | 6 |
Casts | Musculoskeletal | 25 |
Compartment Syndrome | Musculoskeletal | 24 |
Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) | Musculoskeletal | 6 |
Electromyography | Musculoskeletal | 6 |
Fat Embolism | Musculoskeletal | 24 |
Fractures | Musculoskeletal | 20-27 |
Gout | Musculoskeletal | 18-19 |
Malignant Hyperthermia | Musculoskeletal | 29 |
Nuclear Scans | Musculoskeletal | 6 |
Osteoarthritis | Musculoskeletal | 7-8,11 |
Osteomalacia | Musculoskeletal | 15 |
Osteomyelitis | Musculoskeletal | 17 |
Osteoporosis | Musculoskeletal | 14 |
Paget's Disease | Musculoskeletal | 16 |
Rheumatoid Arthritis | Musculoskeletal | 9-11 |
Sjogren's syndrome | Musculoskeletal | 10 |
Synovial joints | Musculoskeletal | 4-5 |
Traction | Musculoskeletal | 26-27 |
Alzheimer's Disease | Nervous | 31-32 |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) | Nervous | 41 |
Autonomic Dysreflexia | Nervous | 39 |
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) | Nervous | 9 |
Brain stem | Nervous | 6 |
Broca's Area | Nervous | 4-5 |
Cataracts | Nervous | 52-53 |
Cerebellum | Nervous | 6 |
Cerebral Angiogram | Nervous | 14 |
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) | Nervous | 8 |
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) | Nervous | 45-47 |
Cerebrum | Nervous | 4-5 |
Cluster Headaches | Nervous | 21 |
Cushing's triad | Nervous | 49 |
Electroencephalogram (EEG) | Nervous | 15 |
Frontal Lobe | Nervous | 4-5 |
Glaucoma | Nervous | 54-55 |
Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS) | Nervous | 42 |
Huntington Disease | Nervous | 33 |
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) monitoring | Nervous | 16 |
Lumbar Puncture | Nervous | 17 |
Macular Degeneration | Nervous | 56 |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | Nervous | 18 |
Meniere's Disease | Nervous | 58-59 |
Meninges | Nervous | 8 |
Meningitis | Nervous | 26-28 |
Migraine Headaches | Nervous | 19-20 |
Multiple Sclerosis | Nervous | 40 |
Myasthenia Gravis | Nervous | 43-44 |
Neurogenic Shock | Nervous | 38 |
Neuroglial cells | Nervous | 2 |
Neurons | Nervous | 2-3 |
Occipital Lobe | Nervous | 4-5 |
Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) | Nervous | 9 |
Parietal Lobe | Nervous | 4-5 |
Parkinson's Disease | Nervous | 29-30 |
Retinal Detachment | Nervous | 57 |
Seizures | Nervous | 22-25 |
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) | Nervous | 34-37 |
Status Epilepticus | Nervous | 25 |
Stroke | Nervous | 45-47 |
Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) | Nervous | 9 |
Temporal Lobe | Nervous | 4-5 |
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) | Nervous | 45 |
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) | Nervous | 48-51 |
Wernicke's Area | Nervous | 4-5 |
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) | Renal | 19-21 |
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) | Renal | 6 |
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) | Renal | 22-28 |
Dialysis Complications | Renal | 28 |
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) | Renal | 3, 23 |
Glomerulonephritis | Renal | 13-14 |
Hemodialysis | Renal | 26, 28 |
Incontinence | Renal | 8 |
Kidney transplantation | Renal | 29 |
Natriuretic Horomones (ANP, BNP) | Renal | 6 |
Nephron | Renal | 3-4 |
Nephrotic Syndrome | Renal | 15-16 |
Peritoneal Dialysis | Renal | 27-28 |
Polycystic Kideny Disease (PKD) | Renal | 12 |
Pyelonephritis | Renal | 11 |
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) | Renal | 5 |
Urinalysis | Renal | 7 |
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) | Renal | 9-10 |
Urolithiasis | Renal | 17-18 |
Amenorrhea | Reproductive | 9 |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) | Reproductive | 12-13 |
Chlamydia | Reproductive | 16 |
Condyloma Acuminatum | Reproductive | 19 |
Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) | Reproductive | 13 |
Cystocele | Reproductive | 11 |
Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) | Reproductive | 7 |
Dysmenorrhea | Reproductive | 9 |
Endometriosis | Reproductive | 9 |
Erectile Dysfunction | Reproductive | 14 |
Fibrocystic Breast Condition | Reproductive | 8 |
Genital Warts | Reproductive | 19 |
Gonorrhea | Reproductive | 16 |
Hydrocele | Reproductive | 15 |
Mammogram | Reproductive | 7 |
Menopause | Reproductive | 10 |
Menorrhagia | Reproductive | 9 |
Menstrual cycle phases | Reproductive | 3 |
Pap Test | Reproductive | 7 |
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) | Reproductive | 17 |
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) | Reproductive | 9 |
Priapism | Reproductive | 14 |
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) | Reproductive | 7 |
Rectocele | Reproductive | 11 |
Sexually transmitted disease (STDs) | Reproductive | 16-19 |
Sperm Pathway | Reproductive | 6 |
Spermatocele | Reproductive | 15 |
Syphilis | Reproductive | 18 |
Testicular Torsion | Reproductive | 15 |
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) | Reproductive | 13 |
Uterine Prolapse | Reproductive | 11 |
Varicocele | Reproductive | 15 |
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) | Respiratory | 32 |
Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) | Respiratory | 33-34 |
Alveoli | Respiratory | 1, 3 |
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs) | Respiratory | 5 |
Asthma | Respiratory | 11-12 |
Bronchitis | Respiratory | 14-15 |
Bronchoscopy | Respiratory | 6 |
Chest Tubes | Respiratory | 29-30 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | Respiratory | 14-15 |
Cor Pulmonale | Respiratory | 19 |
Cystic Fibrosis | Respiratory | 16-17 |
Diffusion | Respiratory | 4 |
DVT | Respiratory | 26-28 |
Emphysema | Respiratory | 14-15 |
External Oxygen Delivery Systems | Respiratory | 8 |
Hemothorax | Respiratory | 28 |
Hypoxemia | Respiratory | 9 |
Hypoxia | Respiratory | 9 |
Influenza | Respiratory | 21 |
Interstitial Lung Disease | Respiratory | 18 |
Laryngitis | Respiratory | 20 |
Mantoux skin test | Respiratory | 24 |
Mechanical ventilation | Respiratory | 35-37 |
Oxygen toxicity | Respiratory | 9 |
Perfusion | Respiratory | 4 |
Pharyngitis | Respiratory | 20 |
Pleural Effusion | Respiratory | 28 |
Pneumonia | Respiratory | 22-23 |
Pneumothorax | Respiratory | 28 |
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) | Respiratory | 26-27 |
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) | Respiratory | 5 |
Pulmonary Hypertension | Respiratory | 19 |
Pulse Oximetry (SpO2) | Respiratory | 5 |
Quantiferon Gold blood test | Respiratory | 24 |
Rhinitis | Respiratory | 20 |
Sarcoidosis | Respiratory | 18 |
Sinusitis | Respiratory | 20 |
Sleep Apnea | Respiratory | 10 |
Status Asthmaticus | Respiratory | 13 |
Tension Pneumothorax | Respiratory | 31 |
Thoracentesis | Respiratory | 7 |
Tonsillitis | Respiratory | 20 |
Tuberculosis (TB) | Respiratory | 24-25 |
Ventilation | Respiratory | 4 |