Pediatric Nursing

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and osteomyelitis. The cause, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and family teaching for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomyelitis.

Osteogenesis Imperfecta and Rickets. The cause, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta. The cause, risk factors, signs and symptoms, labs, and treatment of Rickets.

Legg-Calve Perthes disease and clubfoot. The risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Legg-Calve Perthes. Risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and family teaching for clubfoot.

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH). What DDH is, risk factors for DDH, signs and symptoms of DDH, diagnosis of DDH, and treatment of DDH. Important information regarding a Pavlik harness.

Scoliosis. The signs and symptoms, use of the Adam's forward bend test to screen for scoliosis, treatment of scoliosis, and nursing care following spinal surgery.

Pediatric musculoskeletal disorders, starting with positional plagiocephaly. What positional plagiocephaly is, symptoms of positional plagiocephaly, treatment of positional plagiocephaly, and family teaching to treat or prevent positional plagiocephaly.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism. The symptoms, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching for these disorders.

The following genetic disorders: Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome), Fragile X, and Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment associated with each of these disorders.

Spina Bifida, including the following 3 types of Spina Bifida: spina bifida occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele. The risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching associated with spina bifida. Cerebral Palsy, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, and treatment of this neurological disorder.

Reye's syndrome and Lead Poisoning. The risk factors, signs/symptoms, lab values, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching associated with these disorders.

Meningitis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care associated with meningitis.

Head injuries. The pathophysiology of a head injury, including the primary and secondary injury that occurs with a severe head trauma. The risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of a patient with a head injury. Finally, key complications associated with a head injury, including: brain herniation, hemorrhage/hematoma, and hydrocephalus.

Seizures. The pathophysiology and risk factors associated with seizures. The following types of seizures: tonic clonic seizure, absence seizure, myoclonic seizure, atonic seizure, and status epilepticus. The diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of a patient during and after the seizure. Finally, febrile seizures.

The following visual impairments: myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, amblyopia, and strabismus. The signs/symptoms of vision loss, diagnostic testing for vision loss, treatment, and nursing care for patients with visual impairments. Next, hearing impairments. The difference between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. The signs/symptoms of hearing loss in both infants and children. Finally, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching for patients with hearing impairments.

Conjunctivitis (or pink eye), including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, treatment, and family teaching associated with this eye disorder. Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, treatment, and prevention of ROP.

The following nervous system diagnostic tests: electroencephalogram (EEG), lumbar puncture, and intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring.

Thalassemia and hemophilia, including the signs/symptoms, labs, treatment, and family teaching for patients with these disorders. Epistaxis, including causes, treatment, and family teaching for patients with epistaxis.

Iron-deficient anemia, including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching for this disorder. Sickle cell anemia, including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, types of crises, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching for patients with this disorder.

Kawasaki Disease. The pathophysiology, phases of Kawasaki disease, symptoms associated with each phase, abnormal labs present with Kawasaki disease, diagnostic criteria, treatment, nursing care, and family teaching for the disorder.

Infective endocarditis, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and family teaching for patients with infective endocarditis. Rheumatic fever, including the pathophysiology, risk factor, labs, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.

Heart Failure, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of patients with heart failure. A detailed explanation of the differences between left and right-sided heart failure. The topic of hypoxemia, including causes, signs/symptoms, labs/diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of this disorder.

Congenital heart defects that cause obstruction of blood flow, including: coarctation of aorta (COA), aortic stenosis and pulmonary stenosis. Congenital heart defects that cause mixed blood flow, including: transposition of the great arteries (TGA), total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), truncus arteriosus, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). In addition to explaining each disorder, the signs/symptoms and treatment of the defects.

Congenital heart defects that result in increased pulmonary blood flow, including: Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Atrioventricular (AV) Canal, and Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). Congenital heart defects that result in decreased pulmonary blood flow, including: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and Tricuspid Atresia. For each of these defects, we cover the defect plus the signs/symptoms and treatment of the defect.

A cardiac catheterization, including nursing care of the patient before and after the procedure. Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs). The pathophysiology, risk factors, overall signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of patients with congenital heart defects.

Respiratory distress and failure, including the signs/symptoms of early respiratory distress and late respiratory failure. Diagnostics, labs, and treatment of respiratory distress and failure. Next, a brief resolved unexplained event (BRUE) and apparent life-threatening event (ALTE). The signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and family teaching related to these events. Finally, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), including risk factors, prevention, and nursing care for SIDS.

The following disorders: Apnea of Prematurity, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), and Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS). The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, treatment, and nursing care associated with these disorders.

Cystic Fibrosis. The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care of patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Asthma. The pathophysiology associated with asthma, along with asthma classifications (intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent). The risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for asthma.

Pertussis (whooping cough), influenza, and pneumonia. The pathophysiology, prevention, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of these disorders.

Epiglottis, acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), and bronchiolitis (RSV). The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching associated with these disorders.

Acute streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and family teaching for this disorder. In addition, tonsillitis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs/diagnosis, and treatment of tonsillitis. In addition, nursing care for a tonsillectomy and family teaching following a tonsillectomy.

Coverage of Pediatric Disorders (i.e. Alterations in health), beginning with the respiratory system. Otitis externa and otitis media, including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of these disorders.

The normal growth and development of adolescents (ages 12 to 20 years old). Physical growth, including concepts such as growth spurt timing and maturational changes, along with cognitive and psychosocial development, vaccinations, and parental guidance.

The normal growth and development of school-aged children (ages 6 to 12 years old). Physical development, cognitive and psychosocial development, and parental guidance for topics such as sleep, sports/bicycle safety, and vaccinations.

The normal growth and development of preschoolers (ages 3 to 6 years old). Physical growth, cognitive and psychosocial development, and parental guidance on nutrition, sleep, and vaccinations.

The normal growth and development of toddlers (ages 1 - 3 years old). Physical growth, cognitive and psychosocial development, nutrition, toilet training, sleep, dental health, and the vaccination schedule.

Important parental guidance for children between birth and 12 months, including nutritional guidance, sleep safety, dental health, and the vaccination schedule.

The gross motor and fine motor milestones for infants, along with the psychosocial and cognitive development experienced at this age.

The expected anthropometric milestones for an infant, such as weight, length, and head circumference, along with information on fontanelle closure and tooth eruption. Additionally, the major reflexes present in the infant for the first year of life.

Informed consent and assent, best practices for the administration of oral medications to children, best practices for nursing care for hospitalized children, and how children perceive illness and death.

The pediatric vaccine schedule for all ages, general contraindications for immunizations, vaccine-specific contraindications, and pain management, administration, documentation, and family teaching for immunizations.

Key components of a pediatric assessment, expected vital sign ranges for infants and children, and pediatric pain scales.

Types of child abuse, risk factors, the reporting requirements for nurses, and signs of different types of abuse.

Child safety pertaining to car seats, drowning prevention, burn prevention, poisoning prevention and treatment, and choking prevention, signs/symptoms, and interventions.

Types of families (e.g., nuclear, blended, extended), family theories (e.g., family systems theory, family stress theory), types of parenting (e.g., authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, indifferent/passive), Piaget's theory of cognitive development, and Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

Introduction to the Pediatric Nursing playlist and our accompanying Pediatric Nursing flashcards.