Medical-Surgical Nursing

Hemodialysis, including nursing care before, during, and after the procedure. Peritoneal dialysis, including nursing associated with the procedure. Key complications of hemodialysis, including disequilibrium syndrome and hypotension. Peritonitis, which is a key complication of peritoneal dialysis. Post-op nursing care and patient teaching associated with a kidney transplant.

The risk factors, signs/symptoms, abnormal labs, CKD stages, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for CKD.

Underlying causes of AKI, including: prerenal AKI, intrarenal AKI, and postrenal AKI. The 4 phases of Acute Kidney Injury and the signs/symptoms associated with this disorder. The abnormal lab values that will be present with AKI, along with treatment and nursing care of patients with AKI.

Nephrotic syndrome, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care for patients with nephrotic syndrome. Urolithiasis, including types of calculi, risk factors, signs/symptoms, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for urolithiasis.

Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD), including the pathophysiology associated with this disorder, signs/symptoms, and treatment of PKD. Glomerulonephritis and explains the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care for patients with this disorder.

Stress incontinence and urge incontinence, including the risk factors and treatment for both types of incontinence. Urinary tract infections (UTIs). The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, abnormal labs, treatment and prevent of UTIs. Pyelonephritis, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, abnormal labs, and treatment of this disorder.

Key regulatory systems and hormones that impact the kidneys. The steps in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS). Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and natriuretic hormones (ANP, BNP). She then talks about renal system labs, including expected findings with a urinalysis and key blood tests (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) associated with the renal system.

The components of the renal system and the key functions of the renal system. The nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. The key functions of the nephron, including the glomerulus and tubular structures of the nephron.

Hepatitis, including the types of viral hepatitis. Risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatitis. Cholecystitis, including the pathophysiology associated with this disorder. The risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for cholecystitis. Finally, bariatric surgery, including post-op nursing care and patient teaching.

Cirrhosis, including the types of cirrhosis (postnecrotic, biliary, Laennec's), signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for patients with cirrhosis. The indications and nursing care associated with a paracentesis. Esophageal varices, including what causes this condition and treatment of esophageal varices.

Pancreatitis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching associated with pancreatitis.

The following inflammatory bowel disorders: Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's Disease, and Diverticulitis. The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and patient teaching for each of these disorders. At the end of the video, a knowledge check to test your understanding of some of the key facts she presents in the video.

Appendicitis and peritonitis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and complications associated with these disorders.

Intestinal obstructions, including both mechanical and non-mechanical intestinal obstructions. The signs and symptoms of small bowel and large bowel obstructions, diagnosis of an obstruction, treatment of an obstruction, and nursing care of patients with an intestinal obstruction. The different types of ostomies, and important teaching for ostomy patients.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and abdominal hernias. She discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and patient teaching associated with both of these disorders.

In this video the following disorders: gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of these disorders. Key complications of peptic ulcer disease, including hypovolemic shock and perforation.

The following topics: dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and a hiatal hernia. The pathophysiology of the disorders, along with the signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and patient teaching associated with each disorder.

The following diagnostic tests: esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, and GI series. Lab values associated with the gastrointestinal system, including: AST, ALT, amylase, lipase, bilirubin, ammonia, albumin, prealbumin, and total protein. What can cause elevated or decreased levels of these lab values.

Anatomy and physiology review of the gastrointestinal system. Specifically, the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract.

The Medical Surgical Nursing Gastrointestinal System playlist. The functions of the GI system, along with the overall components (alimentary canal, accessory organs, peritoneum). More detail about structure and function of each component of the alimentary canal, including the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

Amputations, including emergency care, on-going nursing care, and patient teaching to prevent hip flexion contractures. Malignant hyperthermia, including the signs/symptoms, labs, and treatment associated with this life-threatening complication.

Immobilization devices, including casts and traction. The different types of traction (skin traction, skeletal traction, halo traction). Nursing care of patients with traction devices, including the management of weights, muscle spasms, and pin site care.

Types of fractures, including: closed/simple fractures, open/compound fractures, transverse fractures, impacted (compression) fractures, comminuted fractures, oblique fractures, spiral fractures, and greenstick fractures. The risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of fractures. Nursing care for fractures and complications of fractures. More detail about 2 of these complications (fat embolism and compartment syndrome).

Osteomyelitis, including the risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of this disorder. Gout, including the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, labs, diagnosis, treatment, and patient teaching associated with gout.

The following disorders: osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget's disease. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and patient teaching for each of these diseases.

Arthroplasty. The indications and contraindications of the procedure, as well as pre-op and post-op nursing care. Specific post-op nursing care and patient teaching following a knee arthroplasty and hip arthroplasty.

In this video osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The pathophysiology of both disorders and discusses the risk factors, signs/symptoms, treatment, and patient teaching associated with each disorder. Highlights specific differences between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

The following musculoskeletal diagnostic procedures: arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), nuclear scans, and electromyography.

The Medical Surgical Nursing Musculoskeletal System playlist. An anatomy and physiology review of the Musculoskeletal System, including the key functions and components of the musculoskeletal system. Bone layers, long bone components, bone remodeling , and the minerals/hormones that affect bone growth. The key components of a synovial joint.

Macular degeneration, including the difference between dry and wet macular degeneration, signs/symptoms, treatment, and patient teaching. Retinal detachment, including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, and treatment of retinal detachment. Meniere's disease, including the pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, treatment, and patient teaching for Meniere's disease.

Cataracts and glaucoma. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment for cataracts. Patient teaching for patients following cataract surgery. Glaucoma, including open angle and closed angle glaucoma. The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of these glaucoma.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI). The pathophysiology of a TBI, including the primary AND secondary injury that occurs with a TBI. The signs/symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of a TBI. The nursing care and teaching for a patient with a traumatic brain injury, along with the complications of a TBI. These complications include: brain herniation, hemorrhage/hematoma (epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intracerebral hemorrhage), hydrocephalus, and SIADH.

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The pathophysiology, risk factors, signs/symptoms (including left vs. Right-sided stroke symptoms), diagnosis, treatment of a stroke. Nursing care for a patient with a stroke.

The following topics: Multiple Sclerosis (MG), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS), and Myasthenia Gravis (MG). The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care for each of these conditions.

Spinal cord injury (SCI). The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, treatment and nursing care associated with a spinal cord injury. The difference between paraplegia and quadriplegia, as well as the difference between hypertonia and hypotonia. Two key complications of a spinal cord injury: neurogenic shock and autonomic dysreflexia.

Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease. The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, treatment, and nursing care associated with Parkinson's disease. The pathophysiology, risk factors, stages, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, nursing care, and home safety interventions for Alzheimer's disease. Finally, the pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, and treatment of Huntington's disease.

Meningitis. The pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, signs/symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care associated with meningitis.

Seizures. Coverage includes pathophysiology, risk factors, triggers, types of seizures (tonic clonic, absence, myoclonic, atonic), diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care associated with seizures. Status epilepticus, a life-threatening seizure disorder.

The pathophysiology, risk factors, triggers, signs/symptoms, treatment, and nursing care associated with migraine headaches. The pathophysiology, signs/symptoms, and treatment for cluster headaches.

The following nervous system diagnostic tests: cerebral angiogram, electroencephalogram (EEG), intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, lumbar puncture, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). What is involved in the procedure and indications for these tests. The pre and post-procedure nursing care for several of these procedures.

Anatomy and physiology review of the nervous system. The basic anatomy of the eye, including the layers and structures found in the eye. The path of light waves through the eye. The basic anatomy of the ear, including the structures found in the ear. How sound waves travel in the ear, are converted to vibrations, and then to electrical impulses.

Anatomy and physiology review of the nervous system. The spinal cord, meninges (including the layers of the meninges), and cerebral spinal fluid. The spaces between the layers of the meninges (epidural space, subdural space, and subarachnoid space). The components of the autonomic nervous system, including the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system. The effects of activation of each of these systems.

Anatomy and physiology review of the Nervous system. The functions and components of the cerebrum, including coverage of the 4 lobes in the brain (frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal). The functions of the cerebellum and brain stem.

Welcome to the introduction of our Nervous System playlist, which follows along with our Medical Surgical Nursing flashcards. Here, we'll cover the functions and components of the nervous system, including more detail on neurons, including the function of afferent and efferent neurons.

The following acid-base imbalances: respiratory alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, and metabolic acidosis. The causes, signs/symptoms, and treatment of each of these disorders.

Electrolytes and electrolyte imbalances. The causes, signs/symptoms, and treatment of hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia, hypokalemia, hypermagnesemia, and hypomagnesemia.

The risk factors, signs/symptoms, labs, treatment, and nursing care associated with fluid volume deficit and fluid volume excess.

The types of blood products and infusion times for each of these products. Best practices for blood transfusions and the different types of blood transfusion reactions (mild allergic, anaphylactic, febrile, septic, acute hemolytic, and circulatory overload). The nursing care of blood transfusion reactions in general, along with specific interventions for the different types of reactions.