Nursing Tips
Chvostek's Sign
One sign of hypocalcemia is a positive Chvostek's sign. HINT: You check for the Chovostek's sign by tapping the patient's cheek (over the area of the facial nerve).
Chvostek's Sign
One sign of hypocalcemia is a positive Chvostek's sign. HINT: You check for the Chovostek's sign by tapping the patient's cheek (over the area of the facial nerve).
Albumin
Because albumin increases the fluid volume and osmotic pressure of the intravascular space, assess for signs of fluid overload, and be sure not to give this medication to a patient...
Albumin
Because albumin increases the fluid volume and osmotic pressure of the intravascular space, assess for signs of fluid overload, and be sure not to give this medication to a patient...
Blood: Components
Blood is composed of plasma and formed elements. The plasma contains water, ions, protein, nutrients, wastes, gasses, and clotting factors. The formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells,...
Blood: Components
Blood is composed of plasma and formed elements. The plasma contains water, ions, protein, nutrients, wastes, gasses, and clotting factors. The formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells,...
Clopidogrel
Clopidogrel, a platelet aggregate inhibitor, helps to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Clopidogrel
Clopidogrel, a platelet aggregate inhibitor, helps to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
For Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome a surgery in three stages is required: First the Norwood procedure, then the Glenn Shunt, and finally the Fontan procedure.
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
For Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome a surgery in three stages is required: First the Norwood procedure, then the Glenn Shunt, and finally the Fontan procedure.
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
A patient with atrial fibrillation (A-Fib) experiences rapid but disorganized depolarization of the atria, causing them to quiver instead of fully squeezing.
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib)
A patient with atrial fibrillation (A-Fib) experiences rapid but disorganized depolarization of the atria, causing them to quiver instead of fully squeezing.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
A patient with an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm may have a pulsating abdominal mass with a bruit. Do NOT palpate this due to the risk for rupture!
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
A patient with an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm may have a pulsating abdominal mass with a bruit. Do NOT palpate this due to the risk for rupture!
Sinus Bradycardia
A patient with sinus bradycardia will likely require no treatment. However, if they are symptomatic, treatment with atropine or a pacemaker may be indicated.
Sinus Bradycardia
A patient with sinus bradycardia will likely require no treatment. However, if they are symptomatic, treatment with atropine or a pacemaker may be indicated.
Cardiac Tamponade
A patient with paradoxical pulse and an EKG showing electrical alternans should be evaluated for cardiac tamponade.
Cardiac Tamponade
A patient with paradoxical pulse and an EKG showing electrical alternans should be evaluated for cardiac tamponade.
Atropine: Nursing Care
Because atropine has anticholinergic side effects, it is often administered during surgery to decrease secretions.
Atropine: Nursing Care
Because atropine has anticholinergic side effects, it is often administered during surgery to decrease secretions.
Elevated hBNP
A patient with elevated hBNP (> 100 pg/mL) should be evaluated for Heart Failure.
Elevated hBNP
A patient with elevated hBNP (> 100 pg/mL) should be evaluated for Heart Failure.
Calcium Ranges
Calcium (Ca) expected range: 9 - 10.5 mEq/L HINT: California (CA) is due for a big earthquake that may measure 9 - 10.5 on the Richter scale.
Calcium Ranges
Calcium (Ca) expected range: 9 - 10.5 mEq/L HINT: California (CA) is due for a big earthquake that may measure 9 - 10.5 on the Richter scale.
Filgrastim
Filgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the growth of neutrophils in patients with neutropenia.
Filgrastim
Filgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the growth of neutrophils in patients with neutropenia.
Varicose Veins: Patient Teaching
A patient who experiences prolonged standing (like nurses!) is at risk for developing varicose veins. Educate patients with this risk factor to wear compression stockings and elevate the legs when...
Varicose Veins: Patient Teaching
A patient who experiences prolonged standing (like nurses!) is at risk for developing varicose veins. Educate patients with this risk factor to wear compression stockings and elevate the legs when...
Digoxin and Hypokalemia
Because hypokalemia increases a patient's risk of digoxin toxicity, be sure to closely monitor the potassium levels for patients taking digoxin!
Digoxin and Hypokalemia
Because hypokalemia increases a patient's risk of digoxin toxicity, be sure to closely monitor the potassium levels for patients taking digoxin!
Atropine
Atropine is a medication that can be administered to patients with sinus bradycardia or heart block in order to increase heart rate.
Atropine
Atropine is a medication that can be administered to patients with sinus bradycardia or heart block in order to increase heart rate.
Cardiac Enzymes
Cardiac Enzymes are released in response to cardiac ischemia. They include CK-MB, Myoglobin, Troponin T, and Troponin I. Troponin is the most specific!
Cardiac Enzymes
Cardiac Enzymes are released in response to cardiac ischemia. They include CK-MB, Myoglobin, Troponin T, and Troponin I. Troponin is the most specific!
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC)
A client experiencing shock is at risk for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC). Monitor for signs of clotting/bleeding and report any of these findings promptly.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC)
A client experiencing shock is at risk for Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC). Monitor for signs of clotting/bleeding and report any of these findings promptly.
Sick Cell Anemia and Vaso-occlusive Crisis
A child with Sickle Cell Anemia experiencing vaso-occlusive crisis should be treated with scheduled opioid analgesia (non-opioid analgesia will not be sufficient!).
Sick Cell Anemia and Vaso-occlusive Crisis
A child with Sickle Cell Anemia experiencing vaso-occlusive crisis should be treated with scheduled opioid analgesia (non-opioid analgesia will not be sufficient!).
Infective Endocarditis in Children
A child with infective endocarditis will require IV antibiotics via PICC line for 2 - 6 weeks, and may require a valve repair or replacement.
Infective Endocarditis in Children
A child with infective endocarditis will require IV antibiotics via PICC line for 2 - 6 weeks, and may require a valve repair or replacement.
Hemophilia in Children: Signs and Treatment
A child with Hemophilia A is deficient in Factor VIII. In Hemophilia B the deficiency is with Factor IX. Treatment of these conditions will include replacement of the missing factor,...
Hemophilia in Children: Signs and Treatment
A child with Hemophilia A is deficient in Factor VIII. In Hemophilia B the deficiency is with Factor IX. Treatment of these conditions will include replacement of the missing factor,...
Key Symptoms of Coarctation of the Aorta
KEY symptoms of Coarctation of the Aorta: elevated BP and bounding pulses in the arms, decreased BP and pulses in the legs.
Key Symptoms of Coarctation of the Aorta
KEY symptoms of Coarctation of the Aorta: elevated BP and bounding pulses in the arms, decreased BP and pulses in the legs.
Key Symptoms of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus
KEY symptoms of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus: machine-hum murmur, bounding pulses, and wide pulse pressure.
Key Symptoms of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus
KEY symptoms of a Patent Ductus Arteriosus: machine-hum murmur, bounding pulses, and wide pulse pressure.
DASH diet & hypertension
The DASH diet (for patients with hypertension) emphasizes low sodium, high potassium, and high calcium foods.
DASH diet & hypertension
The DASH diet (for patients with hypertension) emphasizes low sodium, high potassium, and high calcium foods.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers are Very Nice Drugs: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers are Very Nice Drugs: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Diltiazem.
Calcium Gluconate
Calcium gluconate is used for emergency treatment of hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia!
Calcium Gluconate
Calcium gluconate is used for emergency treatment of hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia!
Iron supplements and stool
Iron supplements can cause dark green/black stools. This is expected and harmless.
Iron supplements and stool
Iron supplements can cause dark green/black stools. This is expected and harmless.
Orthostatic Hypotension
A patient is POSITIVE for orthostatic hypotension if: The SBP decreases more than 20mmHg when changing position AND/OR the DBP decreases more than 10mmHg
Orthostatic Hypotension
A patient is POSITIVE for orthostatic hypotension if: The SBP decreases more than 20mmHg when changing position AND/OR the DBP decreases more than 10mmHg
Key Information: Beta Blockers
Non-selective beta blockers are used for hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, and MIs. However, they should NEVER be used in patients with asthma, as they can cause bronchospasm.
Key Information: Beta Blockers
Non-selective beta blockers are used for hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, and MIs. However, they should NEVER be used in patients with asthma, as they can cause bronchospasm.
Non-selective Beta Blockers
Please Listen Carefully - these beta blockers are NON-selective: Propranolol, Labetalol, Carvedilol. They will impact the lungs too!
Non-selective Beta Blockers
Please Listen Carefully - these beta blockers are NON-selective: Propranolol, Labetalol, Carvedilol. They will impact the lungs too!
Amiodarone Drip
Amy owes me one hundred dollars, but she is in the hospital with VFIB on an amiodarone drip... so I guess it's not a good time to collect.
Amiodarone Drip
Amy owes me one hundred dollars, but she is in the hospital with VFIB on an amiodarone drip... so I guess it's not a good time to collect.
Anticoagulant Side Effects
The key side effect to remember with ALL anticoagulants (ex: heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban) is BLEEDING!
Anticoagulant Side Effects
The key side effect to remember with ALL anticoagulants (ex: heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban) is BLEEDING!
Epoetin Alfa
Taking epoetin alfa will fix your anemia so you can grow up to be a strong alpha male.
Epoetin Alfa
Taking epoetin alfa will fix your anemia so you can grow up to be a strong alpha male.
Niacin Hypercholesterolemia
Niacin (Vitamin B3) can be used to treat hypercholesterolemia. Key side effect is flushing of the face. My face doesn't look very nice after taking niacin (because it is flushed!)
Niacin Hypercholesterolemia
Niacin (Vitamin B3) can be used to treat hypercholesterolemia. Key side effect is flushing of the face. My face doesn't look very nice after taking niacin (because it is flushed!)
Ferrous Sulfate
Ferrous Sulfate is an iron supplement that can stain the teeth. I'm furious that my teeth got stained from ferrous sulfate!
Ferrous Sulfate
Ferrous Sulfate is an iron supplement that can stain the teeth. I'm furious that my teeth got stained from ferrous sulfate!
Magnesium Toxicity
Too much magnesium (magnesium toxicity) brought Maggie to her knees (due to cardiac and respiratory depression).
Magnesium Toxicity
Too much magnesium (magnesium toxicity) brought Maggie to her knees (due to cardiac and respiratory depression).
Potassium Ranges
Potassium (K) expected range: 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L HINT #1: There are ~3.1 miles in a 5K HINT #2: Bananas (high in Potassium!) come in bunches of 3-5.
Potassium Ranges
Potassium (K) expected range: 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L HINT #1: There are ~3.1 miles in a 5K HINT #2: Bananas (high in Potassium!) come in bunches of 3-5.
Magnesium Ranges
Magnesium (Mg) expected range: 1.3 - 2.1 mEq/L HINT: MGs are very small British cars - you can only fit 1-2 people in them.
Magnesium Ranges
Magnesium (Mg) expected range: 1.3 - 2.1 mEq/L HINT: MGs are very small British cars - you can only fit 1-2 people in them.
Hyperkolemia & Hypokolemia
The MOST important side effect to know for BOTH hyperkalemia and hypokalemia is DYSRHYTHMIAS.
Hyperkolemia & Hypokolemia
The MOST important side effect to know for BOTH hyperkalemia and hypokalemia is DYSRHYTHMIAS.
Z-Track Method
When administering iron dextran via IM injection, use the Z-track method!
Z-Track Method
When administering iron dextran via IM injection, use the Z-track method!
Warfarin
Warfarin is an important oral anticoagulant. The mode of action of warfarin is the antagonize vitamin K, which prevents formation of several clotting factors. HINT: Warfarin declares WAR on vitamin...
Warfarin
Warfarin is an important oral anticoagulant. The mode of action of warfarin is the antagonize vitamin K, which prevents formation of several clotting factors. HINT: Warfarin declares WAR on vitamin...
BP Cuffs
Blood pressure cuffs: If the cuff is too large, you will get a falsely low reading. If the cuff is too small, you will get a falsely high reading.
BP Cuffs
Blood pressure cuffs: If the cuff is too large, you will get a falsely low reading. If the cuff is too small, you will get a falsely high reading.
Thrombolytic Meds
Thrombolytic meds include: alteplase, reteplase (many end in -plase). If you are trying to break up a clot, you have come to the right PLACE!
Thrombolytic Meds
Thrombolytic meds include: alteplase, reteplase (many end in -plase). If you are trying to break up a clot, you have come to the right PLACE!
Apical Pulse
Apical pulse is taken at the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line.
Apical Pulse
Apical pulse is taken at the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line.
Rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant. HINT: If you take Rivaroxaban, your blood will flow like a river. RivaroXaban works by inhibiting factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.
Rivaroxaban
Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant. HINT: If you take Rivaroxaban, your blood will flow like a river. RivaroXaban works by inhibiting factor Xa in the coagulation cascade.
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